Overview, Characteristics, and Applications of Rubber Materials

Nitrile rubber (NBR)

The copolymer obtained by lotion polymerization of butadiene and acrylonitrile is called butadiene acrylonitrile rubber, or nitrile rubber for short. Its content is an important indicator that affects the performance of nitrile rubber. And known for its excellent oil resistance.

The oil resistance is the best, and it does not swell significantly for non-polar and weakly polar oils.

The heat and oxygen aging resistance is superior to that of natural, styrene butadiene and other general rubbers.

It has good wear resistance, with a wear resistance 30% -45% higher than natural rubber.

Chemical corrosion resistance is superior to natural rubber, but its resistance to strong oxidizing acids is poor.

Poor elasticity, cold resistance, flexural flexibility, tear resistance, and high heat generation during deformation.

Poor electrical insulation performance, belonging to semiconductor rubber, not suitable for use as electrical insulation material.

Poor ozone resistance.

Poor processing performance.

Used for making rubber hoses, rollers, sealing gaskets, tank liners, aircraft fuel tank liners, and large oil bags that come into contact with oil.

Can manufacture conveyor belts for transporting hot materials.

Ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM)

It is a copolymer synthesized from ethylene and propylene as base monomers. There are two types of rubber molecular chains: ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, depending on the composition of the monomer units.

Excellent aging resistance, known as "crack free" rubber.

Excellent chemical resistance performance.

Excellent water resistance, overheating resistance, and steam resistance.

Excellent electrical insulation performance.

Low density and high filling characteristics.

Ethylene propylene rubber has good elasticity and resistance to compression deformation.

Not resistant to oil.

The vulcanization speed is slow, 3-4 times slower than general synthetic rubber.

Both self adhesiveness and mutual adhesiveness are poor, which brings difficulties to the processing technology.

Automotive parts: including tire sidewall and sidewall cover rubber strips.

Electrical products: including insulation materials for high, medium, and low voltage cables.

Industrial products: acid, alkali, ammonia, and oxidants, etc; Rubber hoses and gaskets for various purposes; Heat resistant conveyor belts and transmission belts, etc.

Building materials: Rubber products for bridge engineering, rubber floor tiles, etc.

Other aspects: rubber boats, swimming air cushions, diving suits, etc. Its service life is higher than other general-purpose rubbers.

Silicone rubber (VQM)

It refers to a type of elastic material with Si-O units as the main component and monovalent organic groups as the side groups in the molecular chain, collectively known as organopolysiloxane.

It is resistant to both high and cold temperatures and can maintain elasticity within the range of -100 ℃ to 300 ℃.

Excellent resistance to ozone and weather aging.

Excellent electrical insulation. The electrical insulation of its vulcanized rubber changes little when exposed to moisture, water, or elevated temperature.

Has hydrophobic surface properties and physiological inertness, harmless to the human body.

It has high breathability, with a breathability rate 10-100 times higher than ordinary rubber.

The physical and mechanical properties are poor, with much lower tensile strength, tear strength, and wear resistance compared to natural rubber and other synthetic rubbers.

Applied in industrial sectors such as aviation, aerospace, automotive, and smelting.

It is also widely used as a medical material.

Used in industries such as military industry, automotive components, petrochemicals, healthcare, and electronics, such as molded products, O-rings, gaskets, rubber hoses, oil seals, dynamic and static seals, as well as sealants, adhesives, etc.

Hydrogenated Nitrile Rubber (HNBR)

After hydrogenation, some double chains are removed from nitrile rubber, and its temperature resistance and weather resistance are much improved compared to general nitrile rubber. Its oil resistance is similar to nitrile rubber.

Better wear resistance than nitrile rubber

Has excellent resistance to corrosion, tension, tear, and compression deformation.

Has good resistance to ozone, sunlight, and other high oxygen conditions.

Can be used in laundry or dishwashing cleaning agents.

Seals for automotive engine systems.

The air conditioning and refrigeration industry can be widely used as sealing components in environmentally friendly refrigerant R134a systems.

Acrylic Rubber (ACM)

The elastomer is mainly composed of Alkyl Ester Acrylate, which has excellent resistance to petrochemical oil, high temperature, and weather.

Suitable for automotive transmission oil.

Has good antioxidant and weather resistance properties

It has the function of resisting bending deformation.

Has excellent resistance to oil products.

In terms of mechanical strength, compression deformation, and water resistance, it is weaker and slightly inferior to general oil resistant adhesives.

Sealing components for automotive transmission and power systems.

Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR)

It is a copolymer of styrene and butadiene. Compared with natural rubber, it has uniform quality and less foreign matter, but weaker mechanical strength, and can be mixed with natural rubber for use.

Low cost non oil resistant material.

Good water resistance, with good elasticity when the hardness is below 70 ° C.

Poor compression deformation at high hardness

Most neutral chemicals and dry, nourishing organic ketones can be used.

Widely used in rubber products such as tires, hoses, tapes, rubber shoes, automotive parts, wires, cables, etc.

Fluorine based rubber (FPM)

It is a type of synthetic polymer elastomer with fluorine atoms on the carbon atoms of the main or side chains. It has excellent high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, oil resistance, and chemical resistance, and its high temperature resistance is superior to that of silicone rubber.

It has excellent high temperature resistance (long-term use below 200 ℃, able to withstand high temperatures above 300 ℃ in the short term), which is the highest among rubber materials.

It has good oil resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, and can withstand aqua regia corrosion, which is also the best among rubber materials.

It has non flammability and belongs to self extinguishing rubber.

Its performance is better than other rubbers at high temperatures and heights, and its airtightness is close to that of butyl rubber.

It is stable against ozone aging, weather aging, and radiation effects.

Widely used in cutting-edge technologies such as modern aviation, missiles, rockets, and space navigation, as well as industrial sectors such as automotive, shipbuilding, chemical, petroleum, telecommunications, and instrumentation machinery.

Fluorosilicone (FLS)

Fluorinated silicone rubber has the advantages of both fluororubber and silicone rubber in terms of general performance.

It has excellent oil resistance, solvent resistance, fuel oil resistance, and high and low temperature resistance.

Suitable for special purposes such as resistance to oxygen-containing chemicals, solvents containing aromatic hydrogen, etc.

On space and aerospace components

Chloroprene rubber (CR)

It is a high molecular weight elastomer polymerized from 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene. It has excellent characteristics such as weather resistance, flame resistance, oil resistance, and chemical corrosion resistance.

High mechanical properties and tensile strength comparable to natural rubber.

Excellent aging resistance (weather resistance, ozone resistance, heat resistance).

Excellent flame retardancy. Has the characteristic of non spontaneous combustion.

Excellent oil and solvent resistance.

Good adhesion.

Poor electrical insulation.

Poor low-temperature performance, low temperature causes rubber to lose elasticity and even fracture

Poor storage stability.

Used for manufacturing rubber hoses, tapes, wire sheaths, cable sheaths, printing rollers, rubber plates, pads, and various gaskets, adhesives, etc

Seals resistant to R12 refrigerant.

Suitable for making parts that come into contact with the atmosphere, sunlight, and ozone.

Butyl rubber (IIR)

Made by polymerizing isobutene with a small amount of Isoprene, retaining a small amount of unsaturated groups for sulfur addition.

It is impermeable to most general gases.

Has good resistance to sunlight and ozone.

Can be exposed to animal or vegetable oils or oxidizable chemicals.

Not suitable for simultaneous use with petroleum solvents, kerosene, and aromatic hydrogen.

Can be used as rubber parts for chemical resistance and vacuum equipment.

Natural rubber (NR)

It is a highly elastic solid made by processing latex from plant sap.

Has excellent physical and mechanical properties, elasticity, and processability.

Widely used in tires, tapes, rubber hoses, rubber shoes, rubber tapes, as well as daily, medical, cultural and sports products. The raw materials.

Suitable for making shock absorber parts and products used in automotive brake fluid, alcohol and other liquids containing hydroxide ions.

Polyurethane adhesive (PU)

Elastic materials containing a large number of amino ester groups in their molecular chains have excellent rubber mechanical properties, with high hardness, elasticity, and wear resistance that are difficult to compare with other rubber types.

The tensile strength is higher than all rubber.

High elongation rate.

Wide range of hardness.

The tear strength is very high, but it decreases rapidly with increasing temperature.

Outstanding wear resistance, 9 times higher than natural rubber.

Good heat resistance and low temperature resistance

Good aging resistance, ozone resistance, and UV radiation resistance, but prone to fading under UV irradiation.

Good oil resistance.

Poor water resistance.

High elasticity, but large hysteresis heat, only suitable for low-speed operation and thin products

Widely used in the automotive industry, machinery industry, electrical and instrumentation industry, leather and footwear industry, construction industry, medical and sports goods and other fields.